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Turkey’s foreign policy during Erdoğan’s third presidential term
On June 3, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was sworn in as president of Turkey for another five-year term. The inauguration and the subsequent ceremony, attended by approximately 80 international and regional leaders, suggested that a significant change in Turkey’s foreign policy priorities may be under way. Observers have predicted that the Turkish president is likely to continue with his recent policy of “neutralizing” problems abroad and strengthening partnerships with other countries in the region. On May 31, several days after his election victory, he declared: “Our goal is to establish a belt of security & peace from Europe to Black Sea…
How does Mongolia see Russia’s relationship with China - as a threat, or as an opportunity?
The rapprochement between China and Russia in the last few decades has been a very significant development for the entire system of international relations. The partnership between these two major countries is developing at a rapid pace and without let up, in many different areas and taking many different forms, and it is also managing to resist considerable pressure from external factors – from the waves of sanctions imposed on Russia in 2014 and again in 2022, to the COVID-19 pandemic. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the country most affected…
Iran announced new gas project while Turkey is still thinking...
Following the undermining of Russian gas pipelines Nord Stream 1 and 2 in the Baltic Sea by Western special services at the end of September 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin, speaking at the Russian Energy Week forum in Moscow on October 12, 2022, proposed to depoliticize the issue of gas trade and create a “major gas hub” on the territory of Turkey. Moscow plans to redirect the main gas export flows through Turkey to third countries (including the EU). This topic has caught the attention of world actors and provided the same Turkey with new horizons for energy development. The Russian leader’s initiative also came as a surprise…