On November 3, 2023, the 10th anniversary summit of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) began in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan. The summit was attended by Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Zhaparov, and Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Also attending the summit were representatives of the observer countries to the OTS, namely Chairman of the People’s Council of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.

The signing of a protocol on the development of the international multimodal corridor Uzbekistan-Turkmenistan-Iran-Turkey by the participants was one of the outcomes of the Ministerial Meeting on Transport of the member nations of the Economic Cooperation Organization, which took place on November 3 of this year in Tashkent. The document outlines plans for organizing cargo transit from the Asia-Pacific region to Europe via the nations that make up the corridor and for setting up the right environment to increase cargo turnover amongst the four nations. When the project is completed…

During this year’s regular Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) regional forum in San Francisco from November 11 to November 17 the primary focus of attention was what was going on on the sidelines of the summit. That is, outside the summit and its agenda. But the same can be said for nearly all of the existing international forums, whose regular gatherings are becoming more and more like pointless rituals. Negotiations “in a narrow group” of a few key players who approached them are far more informative than “collective” actions with a predetermined agenda in terms…

Relations between Russia and the African nations are more important now than they have ever been. In the upcoming years, this direction is expected to gain even more significance. Although the development of truly cordial relations between Russia and Africa is still ongoing, how do you get to ensure that this interaction has a truly strong added value? Russia’s connections with Africa have long-standing and important foundations in a wide range of areas. Naturally, military and technological cooperation are among them. This field of activity is more relevant and efficient today than ever before…

Geography plays a significant role in shaping the destiny of the country. All the countries have to formulate their policies and relations according to their geographic and geostrategic needs. Pakistan is no exception. The country appeared on the globe on 14^th August 1947 in the South Asian region. In the north of the country lies the rising superpower of the world, China. On its Eastern border lies the rising economies of the region and the world, and its arch-rival, India. Pakistan shares its Western border with one of the most unstable and chaotic countries in the world, Afghanistan…

In April 2023, the Ministry of Energy of Kazakhstan assessed the degree of deterioration of the main CHPs in the country. As a result, it was found that most of the facilities were significantly depreciated, with many of them (as many as 17) having depreciation rates exceeding 70%. The Ministry’s report reflects another peculiarity of Kazakhstan’s CHPs – all of them (37 units) were built during the Soviet period. Privatisation of this sector of the economy in the 1990s led to the concentration of sectoral facilities with private companies…

Mongolia hosted official activities held by the Mongolian government as part of the “Mongolia Transport Week 2023” in early November 2023. Participating in the “week” were the nation’s prime minister, the Speaker of the State Great Khural, the Minister and Vice Minister of Road and Transport Development, representatives of major foreign and Mongolian corporations, the Civil Aviation Authority of Mongolia…

Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister of Japan, conducted a second quick tour of the Southeast Asian sub-region from November 3 to November 5. Malaysia and the Philippines were the nations that were visited this time. Tokyo’s priority on fortifying its position in the sub-region as a whole was reaffirmed by the tour, even if specific bilateral concerns were discussed in each of these countries. Tokyo, for its part, views that as a crucial middle link in the larger “south-westward movement” of Japanese foreign policy, which has been noticed for a long time by the NEO…

On November 3, 2023, the10th Anniversary Summit of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) was held in Astana. The event was attended by the heads of the OTS member states and the leaders of the OTS observer states. President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev welcomed the leaders of the OTS member states (Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, and Uzbekistan) and the OTS observer countries (Turkmenistan and Hungary). As we all know, Turkey was the only internationally recognized Turkic state in the world before the collapse of the Soviet Union. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991…

With annual trade between China and Latin America reaching almost US$ 486 billion in 2022 – which is almost an eight percent increase from the previous year – Beijing has already become one of the top trading partners of this region. During the Belt and Road Initiative Forum held last month in China, 26 new agreements worth US$6.32 billion were signed. China, in short, has secured a deep footprint in the US backyard, turning the Monroe doctrine – which said that any intervention in the political affairs of the Americans would be considered…

On November 9, 2023, President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin visited the Republic of Kazakhstan.The current importance of partnership with Russia for Kazakhstan and the state of bilateral relations were briefly but clearly described during the negotiations by the President of the Republic of Kazak hstan, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. So, he highlighted the following important points:…

Recently, the 15^th BRICS summit was held in Johannesburg, South Africa on 23^rd August 2023. This summit garnered significant attention, as partnerships and alliances play a crucial role in shaping the contours of geopolitics. BRICS was established in 2009 with four member states including Brazil, Russia, China, and India. However, the inclusion of South Africa in 2010 resulted in the expansion of the organization for the first time, and it was renamed as BRICS. John O’Neill, an economist at Goldman Sachs, proposed the idea of BRIC for the first time in 2001…